FOB Belawan vs Tanjung Priok: Which Port for Indonesian Green Coffee?

Published June 2026 · By Willkin Green Coffee (PT Global Wills Sejahtera)

Most Indonesian green coffee is exported through one of two ports: Belawan (Port of Medan) in North Sumatra, or Tanjung Priok in Jakarta. Understanding the difference matters for pricing, lead time, and which coffee origins are realistically available at each port.

Port Overview

AttributeBelawan (Medan)Tanjung Priok (Jakarta)
Official namePort of BelawanPort of Tanjung Priok
LocationNorth SumatraDKI Jakarta, Java
OperatorPelindo 1Pelindo 2
TypeRegional gateway — direct call + feederMain hub — direct call to major shipping lines
Container throughput~1.1M TEU/year~7.5M TEU/year
Connecting via feeder toPort Klang (Malaysia), SingaporeSingapore (direct), Port Klang

Which Origins Typically Ship From Each Port?

OriginPrimary Export PortReason
Gayo Arabica (Aceh)BelawanOverland ~7 hours from Gayo highlands to Medan
Mandheling / Lintong ArabicaBelawanOrigin in North Sumatra — natural gateway
Lampung RobustaPanjang (Bandar Lampung) or PriokLampung is near Jakarta; short Sunda Strait crossing
Java RobustaTanjung PriokJava-based origin; direct trucking to Jakarta
Flores ArabicaPriok or MakassarTranshipment from Flores via regional ports
Toraja ArabicaMakassar (Sultan Hasanuddin)South Sulawesi origin — Makassar is closer
Bali KintamaniPriok or Benoa (Bali)Bali to Java crossing, then Priok

Transit Times to Key Destination Markets

DestinationFrom BelawanFrom Tanjung PriokNotes
Rotterdam, Netherlands~22–25 days~20–24 daysVia Singapore or Port Klang hub
Hamburg, Germany~24–28 days~22–26 daysSimilar routing
Los Angeles, USA~18–22 days~18–21 daysTrans-Pacific routing
New York, USA~25–30 days~24–28 daysSuez or Panama Canal
Tokyo, Japan~8–12 days~8–11 daysShort Asia-Pacific route
Busan, South Korea~9–13 days~9–12 daysSimilar
Shanghai, China~7–10 days~7–9 daysFastest major route
Singapore (hub)3–4 days feeder2–3 days feederConnects to all major lines

Note: Actual transit time depends on the shipping line schedule and whether the vessel calls Belawan directly or routes via Singapore/Port Klang feeder.

FOB Price Difference

FOB price is quoted at the loading port. When comparing quotes from different suppliers, ensure you're comparing the same port basis. A Gayo supplier quoting FOB Belawan is not directly comparable to a Lampung supplier quoting FOB Panjang without adjusting for freight differentials.

Example: If Gayo Grade 1 is quoted at USD 4.20/kg FOB Belawan, and the freight from Belawan to Rotterdam is USD 0.18/kg higher than from Priok, the effective landed cost comparison matters more than the FOB price itself.

Practical Guidance: Which Port to Request?

Buyer ProfileRecommended PortReason
Buying Gayo or Mandheling ArabicaFOB BelawanOrigin proximity; avoids overland Jakarta haul
Buying Lampung RobustaFOB Panjang or PriokOrigin in South Sumatra near both ports
Buying Java or Flores coffeeFOB PriokJava is direct; Flores tranships naturally to Priok
Buying mixed-origin containerFOB PriokLarger hub; more shipping line options
Price-sensitive on small volumesFOB PriokMore direct-call shipping lines = better LCL rates
Willkin ships from: FOB Belawan for Gayo Arabica and Mandheling. FOB Priok or Panjang for Lampung Robusta and mixed-origin orders. Exact port confirmed with your shipment proforma.

Lead Time From Order to FOB

StageTypical Duration
Sample evaluation + approval7–14 days
Contract + payment (T/T 30% DP)3–5 days
Processing, grading, bagging5–10 days
Export documents (phytosanitary, COO)3–5 days
Port clearance and loading2–4 days
Total (first order)~20–38 days from PO to FOB

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